Initially based on beans, potatoes, bread and fatty meat, this dish was mainly used as food for soldiers and prisoners and was, at best, qualified as "bad stew" or at worst as "soup for rats". Easy and quick to cook, over time the recipe refocused on sunny vegetables (zucchini, peppers, tomatoes, eggplants) and developed more specifically in cities located around the Mediterranean.
Inspired by the Basque piperade and the Bohemian, two dishes traditionally eaten by families in Provence richly endowed with summer vegetables, ratatouille gradually conquered the whole of France, even if, even today, the recipe from Nice remains a reference with its onions, herbs of Provence and olives to complement the vegetables that grow more easily in the South.