Louis Ernest Ladurée, a Parisian who was at the time a milling company director, was 26 years old when he created his first bakery in the new Madeleine business district, which was home to the French luxury goods industry. In 1871, following a fire, it was transformed into a pastry shop. Shortly afterwards, the creator's son, married to the daughter of a Rouen hotelier, was convinced by his wife to associate this already famous pastry shop with a café, a new place of conviviality that was booming under the Second Empire.
It was a success and the emergence of a concept that would become a milestone: the Parisian tea room, a key place in the social and cultural life of the time, mainly frequented by women. It was particularly during the 1900 Universal Exhibition that women, who were generally excluded from cafés, met on the first floor of 16 rue Royale.